/6/2 · The foreign exchange market in India has been around for about 40 years now. The market started operating in after the government's decree. After its establishment, the forex market has seen significant growth over the years. The market is regulated by the central government and all aspects of the trade are defined by national laws /5/7 · Uneven development in India. Although India has undergone rapid economic development in the last 20 years, it has great variations in wealth within the country. GDP per capita in Indian Rupees Kishori J Udeshi: Development of forex markets in India - review and prospects Keynote address by Ms Kishori J Udeshi, Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, at 15 th Forex Assembly organised by Forex Association of India, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 20 August
Foreign Exchange Market in India - Paper Tyari
Deepak Surana. India has seen a systematic transition from being a closed door economy to an open economy since the beginning of economic reforms in the country in These reforms have had a far-reaching impact and have helped India unleash its enormous growth potential.
Today, the Indian economy is characterized by a liberalized foreign investment and trade policy, a significant role being played by the private sector and deregulation. India now ranks as the tenth-largest economy in the world and third largest in terms of GDP on PPP basis.
The country ranks higher than many countries in various key parameters such as market size 3rd and innovation 38th. It also has sound financial market, which ranks 21st in the world. Indian markets have significant potential and offer prospects of high profitability and a favorable regulatory regime for investors.
The National Stock Exchange NSE and the Bombay Stock Exchange BSE are the premier stock exchanges of India. India has a, robust, transport and stable financial market, which has gradually transformed from a highly controlled system to one that, is liberalized. Foreign exchange market is a form of exchange for global decentralized trading of international currencies. Forex market functions as anchors of trading between different types of buyers and sellers around the world, around the clock.
The reason for vast and bursting Expansion of foreign exchange around the world is as below:. The Foreign Exchange market evaluate the developments in the forex market in india finally beginning to acquire main stream attention.
The Bank of International Settlement estimates that the average daily volume in the Forex market is. Which make it by a far largest financial market place in the world! There are 3 key elements of Forex Trading:.
Now the question is what is the role that is that India plays in such a great pool of fiancé market? How the foreign markets do effects the India forex market? This tremendous growth in global derivatives markets can be attributed to a number of factors. They reallocate risk among financial market participants, help to make financial markets more complete, and provide valuable information to investors about economic fundamentals. Derivatives also provide an important function of efficient price discovery and make unbundling of risk easier.
In India, the economic liberalization in the early nineties provided the economics rationale for the introduction of forex derivatives. Business houses started actively approaching foreign markets not only with their products but also as a source of capital and direct investments opportunities.
With limited convertibility on the trade account being introduced inthe environment became even more conducive for the introduction of the hedge products, evaluate the developments in the forex market in india.
Hence, the development in the Indian forex derivatives market should be seen along with the steps taken to gradually reform the Indian financial markets. The gradual liberalization of Indian Economy has resulted in substantial inflow of foreign currency capital into India. Simultaneously, dismantling of trade barriers has also facilitated the integration of domestic economy with the world economy. With globalization of trade and relatively free movement of financial assets, risk management, through derivative products has become a necessity in India also.
The participants in the foreign exchange market comprise. India forex and derivative market have also developed significantly over the year. As per the BIS global survey the percentage share of the rupee in total turnover covering all currencies increased from 0. The size of the Indian derivatives market is evident from the above data, though from global standard it is still in its nascent stage. Broadly, Reserve Bank is empowered to regulate the markets in interest rate derivatives, foreign currency derivatives and credit derivatives.
Until the amendments to the RBI Act inthere was some ambiguity in the legality of OTC evaluate the developments in the forex market in india which were cash settled. This has now been addressed through an amendment in the said Act in respect of derivatives which fall under the regulatory purview of RBI with underlying as interest rate, evaluate the developments in the forex market in india, foreign exchange rate, credit rating or credit index or price securitiesprovided one of the parties to the parties to the regulated under the RBI Act, Banking Regulation Act or Foreign Exchange Management Act FEMA.
Presently the Indian Forex market is the 16th largest Forex market in the world in terms of daily turnover as per the BIS Triennial Survey report. As per this report the daily turnover of the Indian Forex market is around. Including the OTC derivative segment.
The growth of the Indian Forex market owes to the tremendous growth of the Indian economy in the last few years. Today India holds a significant position in the Global economic scenario and it is considered to be one of the emerging economies in the World.
The steady growth of the Indian economy and diversification of the industrial sectors in India has contributed significantly to the rapid growth of the Indian Forex market the main centre of Foreign Exchange in India is Mumbai, the commercial capital of the country and other centers including the major cities like Kolkata, New Delhi, Chennai, Bengaluru and Cochin.
All these Foreign Exchange Markets of India work collectively deploying latest technology. The Foreign Exchange Market in India is a flourishing ground evaluate the developments in the forex market in india profit and initiatives taken time to time by the Indian Central Government also strengthen the foundation. It is during the year that Indian Forex market has seen a great advancement that took the Indian Forex trading at par with the global Forex markets.
It is the introduction of future derivative segment in Forex trading through the largest stock exchange in country — National Stock Exchange. This step not only increased the Indian Forex market volume too many folds also gave the individual and retail investor a chance to trade at the Forex market, that was till this time remained a forte of the banks and large corporate.
Indian Forex market got evaluate the developments in the forex market in india another boost when the SEBI and Reserve Bank of India permitted the trade of derivative contract at the leading stock exchanges NSE and MCX for three new currency pairs. In its recent circulars Reserve Bank of India accepting the proposal of SEBI, permitted the trade of INRGBP Indian Rupee and Great Britain PoundINREUR Indian Rupee and Euro and INRYEN Indian Rupee and Japanese Yen. From inclusion of these three currency pairs in the Indian Forex circuit the Indian Forex scene is expected to boost even further evaluate the developments in the forex market in india these are some of the most widely traded currency pairs in the world.
A forward foreign exchange contract is a deal to exchange currencies - to buy or sell a particular currency - at an agreed date in the future, at a rate, evaluate the developments in the forex market in india, i. a price, agreed now. This rate is called the forward rate. A buyer and seller agree on an exchange rate for any date in the future, and the transaction occurs on that date, regardless of what the market rates are then, evaluate the developments in the forex market in india.
The duration of the trade can be one day, a few days, months or years. Usually the date is decided by both parties. Then the forward contract is negotiated and agreed upon by both parties. A currency future or foreign exchange future, is a futures contract to exchange one currency for another at a specified date in the future at a future exchange rate. A futures contract is similar to a forward contract, with some exceptions. Futures contracts are traded on exchange markets, whereas forward contracts typically trade on over-the-counter markets OTC.
Also, futures contracts are settled daily on marked-to-market M2M basis, whereas forwards are settled only at expiration.
Most contracts have physical delivery, so for those held till the last trading day, actual payments are made in respective currencies. However, most contracts are closed out before that. Investors can close out the contract at any time prior to the contract's delivery date. Investors enter into currency futures contract for hedging and speculation purpose. Currency swaps are over-the-counter derivatives, and are closely related to interest rate evaluate the developments in the forex market in india A foreign currency swap is an "exchange of borrowings", where the principal and interest payments in one currency are exchanged for principal and interest payments in another currency.
Mostly corporates with long-term foreign liability enters into currency swaps to get cheaper debt and to hedge against exchange rate fluctuations. The best example of swap transaction is paying fixed rupee interest and receiving floating foreign currency interest. Unlike futures or forwards, which confer obligations on both parties, an option contract confers a right on one party and an obligation on the other.
The seller of the option grants the buyer of the option the right to purchase from, or sell to, the seller a designated instrument currency at specified price within a specified period of time.
If the option buyer exercises that right, the option seller is obligated. Investors can hedge against foreign currency risk by purchasing a currency option put or call. S dollars. The call option gives evaluate the developments in the forex market in india of the option the right but not the obligation to buy currency on the expiration date.
The derivatives market in India has been expanding rapidly and will continue to grow. While much of the activity is concentrated in foreign and a few private sector banks, increasingly public sector banks are also participating in this market as market makers and not just users.
Their participation is dependent on development of skills adapting technology and developing sound risk management practices. While derivatives are very useful for hedging and risk transfer, and hence improve market efficiency, it is necessary to keep in view the risks of excessive leverage, lack of transparency particularly in complex products, difficulties in valuation, tail risk exposures, counterparty exposure and hidden systemic risk. Clearly there is need for greater transparency to capture the market, credit as well as liquidity risks in off-balance sheet positions and providing capital there for, evaluate the developments in the forex market in india.
From the corporate point of view, understanding the product and inherent risks over the life of the product is extremely important. Further development of the market will also hinge on adoption of international accounting standards and disclosure practices by all market participants, evaluate the developments in the forex market in india, including corporate. Increasing convertibility on the capital account would accelerate the process of integration of Indian financial markets with international markets.
Some of the necessary preconditions to this as suggested by the Tara- pore committee report are already being met. Increasing convertibility does carry the risk of removing the insularity of the Indian markets to external shocks like the South East Asian crisis, but a proper management of the transition should speed up the growth of the financial markets and the economy.
Introduction of derivative products tailored to specific corporate requirements would enable corporate to completely focus on its core businesses, de-risking the currency and interest rate risks while allowing it to gain despite any upheavals in the financial markets. Increasing convertibility on the rupee and regulatory impetus for new products should see a host of innovative products and structures, tailored to business needs.
The possibilities are many and include INR options, currency futures, exotic options, rupee forward rate agreements, both rupee and cross currency swaps, as well as structures composed of the above to address business needs as well as create real options. Category AccountsOther Articles by - Deepak Surana. You can also submit your article by sending to article caclubindia. India's largest network for finance professionals.
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, time: 17:58Foreign Exchange Market and its Structure in India | siliconindia
/5/7 · Uneven development in India. Although India has undergone rapid economic development in the last 20 years, it has great variations in wealth within the country. GDP per capita in Indian Rupees /12/30 · The foreign exchange market in India started when in the government allowed banks to trade foreign exchange with one another. Foreign Exchange Market in India operates under the Central Government of India and executes wide powers to control transactions in foreign blogger.comted Reading Time: 6 mins Kishori J Udeshi: Development of forex markets in India - review and prospects Keynote address by Ms Kishori J Udeshi, Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, at 15 th Forex Assembly organised by Forex Association of India, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 20 August
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